Fruiting body medium to large, fleshy. Pileus 6-10 cm in diameter, hemispherical when young, turning to convex to applanate when mature; pellicle brown to dark brown, surface covered with revolute, numerous, loosely floccose, small, brown squamules; context about 8 mm thick in the centre of the pileus, white, turning in to dark brown or reddish with exposure. Lamellae free, white to dirty white, becoming olive brown at maturity, crowded with lamellulae, margin entire, concolorous. Stipe 6-13 x 2.5-4.5 cm, central, sub-cylindrical, solid; surface white at the top, light to pale brown towards the bottom, glabrous above the annulus, densely covered with minute, brown, squamules towards base. Annulus present towards the upper part of the stipe, up to 16 mm, thick, which remains up to maturity and subsequently detached when dry. Basidia 12-25.4 x 5.8-8.7 µm, clavate to subclavate, thin-walled, tetrasporic, bearing four short sterigmata. Basidioles narrowly clavate to clavate. Basidiospores 5.2-6.1 x 3.6-4 µm, ovoid, sometimes broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, thick-walled, prominent germ pore, olive brown to dark, dextrinoid. Cheilocystidia 22-32 x 10-15 µm, abundant, scattered, clavate to broadly clavate, obpyriform, hyaline, smooth. Pleurocystidia absent.
Specimens examined
India, Maharashtra, Kolhapur, Rajaram College Campus (16°41ʹ10ʺN-74°15ʹ18ʺE) on soil, solitary, 12.08.2020, Bornak, S. I. (Y20V13C1); Kolhapur, Rajarshee Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj College of Agriculture campus (16°41ʹ16ʺN-74°15ʹ36ʺE), on soil, solitary, 19.09.2020, Bornak, S. I. (Y20V14C2); Kolhapur, Kaurwadi (16°44ʹ34ʺN-73°58ʹ32ʺE) on humid soil in a pairs, 04.08.22, Bornak, S. I. (Y22V5C5); Kolhapur, Kolhapur-Radhanagari road, (16°26ʹ35ʺN-74°02ʹ49ʺE) scattered, on soil, 09.09.2022, Bornak, S. I. and Patil, Y.S. (Y22V7C2); Ajara, Kasar Kandgaon (16°06ʹ09ʺN-74°12ʹ41ʺE), on soil, single, 19.08.2023, Bornak, S. I. (Y23V5C1).
Remarks
Clarkeinda trachodes is characterized by a large basidiome, a noticeable pellicle on the pileus disc surface that is either chocolate or coffee brown, the existence of an annulus, and an olive brown to umber brown spore deposit, Spores with slightly thick walls, a truncate apex, and a context that turns reddish brown when cut (Hosen and Ge, 2011). There have only been previous reports of this species from six locations worldwide viz. Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, China and Italy (Kumar and Kaviyarasan, 2011). In India, it has been reported by Leelavathy, et al.(1981), Kolli Hills, Tamilnadu (Kumar and Kaviyarasan, 2011) and Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (Verma, et al. 2016). This is the first report from Maharashtra state.
References:
Hosen, M.I. and Ge, Z.W. (2011). Clarkeinda trachodes (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes), first record from Bangladesh. Mycotaxon, 118:331- 336; doi: 10.5248/118.331.
Kumar, M. and Kaviyarasan, V. (2011). A rare agaric (Agaricomycetes: Agaricaceae) from a sacred grove of Eastern Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 3(5):1778-1781; doi: 10.11609/JoTT.o2626.1778-81.
Leelavathy, K.K., Zachariah, S., Sankaran, K.V. (1981). Clarkeinda trachodes – an agaric new to India. Mycologia, 73:204-207. Verma, R. K., Tiwari, C. K., Parihar, J. and Kumar, S. (2016). Diversity of macro-fungi in central India-II: Clarkeinda trachodes. Van Sangyan, 12(3): 17-20
